Africa
EQUATORIAL GUINEA: A Country Of Rich Culture And Natural Resources
Located on the west coast of Central Africa, Equatorial Guinea is a country with a unique blend of culture, history, and natural resources. With a population of approximately 1.9 million people, this African nation boasts an impressive literacy rate, significant oil reserves, and a diverse ethnic landscape.
Africa’s Only Spanish-Speaking Country
Equatorial Guinea stands out as the sole African country where Spanish is an official language, a legacy of its colonial past as Spanish Guinea. In addition to Spanish, French and Portuguese are also widely spoken.
Economic Growth Fueled by Oil
The discovery of oil reserves in 1996 has transformed Equatorial Guinea’s economy, catapulting it to one of the highest GDP per capita in Africa, peaking at $34,865. The oil industry remains a vital contributor to the country’s economic growth.
Cultural Diversity and Harmony
Equatorial Guinea is home to over five ethnic groups, with the Fang people making up 85.7% of the population. The Bubi, indigenous to the island of Bioko, account for 6.5%, followed by the Ndowe, Annobon, and Bujeba. This rich cultural tapestry is woven together by a predominantly Christian population, with 88.7% identifying as Christian.
Infrastructure Development
The capital city, Malabo, remains the country’s largest urban center, but a new capital, Ciudad de la Paz, is currently under construction. This ambitious project aims to create a modern, sustainable city that will serve as the country’s administrative hub.
Key Facts at a Glance
- Population: 1.9 million
- Official language: Spanish (also French and Portuguese)
- Oil reserves discovered: 1996
- Literacy rate: 95.2% (2nd highest in Africa)
- GDP per capita (PPP): Previously $34,865 (highest in Africa)
- Ethnic groups: Fang (85.7%), Bubi (6.5%), Ndowe (3.6%), Annobon (1.6%), Bujeba (1.1%), others (1.1%)
- Capital: Malabo (Ciudad de la Paz under construction)
- Largest city: Malabo
- Religion: 88.7% Christian
- Calling code: +240
- Internet TLD: .gq
As Equatorial Guinea continues to navigate its economic and social development, its unique cultural identity and natural resources position it as a vital player in the region.
Source: Equatorial Guinea Government Statistics, 2024.
